[mou] list of birds not protected by MBTA (long)
Jim Williams
two-jays@att.net
Wed, 16 Mar 2005 21:41:04 -0600
This is an edited version. For the complete document, go to
<http://migratorybirds.fws.gov>
Jim Williams
Wayzata
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service=A0
Final List of Bird Species to Which the Migratory Bird Treaty Act Does=20=
Not=A0Apply
SUMMARY: We are publishing a final list=A0of the nonnative bird species=20=
that have=A0been introduced by humans into the=A0United States or its=20
territories and to=A0which the Migratory Bird Treaty Act=A0(MBTA) does =
not=20
apply. This action is=A0required by the Migratory Bird Treaty=A0Reform =
Act=20
(MBTRA) of 2004. The=A0MBTRA amends the MBTA by stating=A0that it =
applies=20
only to migratory bird=A0species that are native to the United=A0States =
or=20
its territories, and that a native=A0migratory bird is one that is=20
present as=A0a result of natural biological or=A0ecological processes. =
This=20
notice=A0identifies those species that are not=A0protected by the MBTA,=20=
even though=A0they belong to biological families=A0referred to in =
treaties=20
that the MBTA=A0implements, as their presence in the=A0United States and=20=
its territories is solely=A0the result of intentional or=20
unintentional=A0human-assisted introductions.
The Final List: What Are the Bird=A0Species Not Protected by the =
MBTA?=A0We=20
made this list as comprehensive=A0as possible by including all=20
nonnative,=A0human-assisted species that belong to=A0any of the families=20=
referred to in the=A0treaties and whose occurrence(s) in the=A0United=20
States and its territories have=A0been documented in the=20
scientific=A0literature. It is not, however, an=A0exhaustive list of all=20=
the nonnative=A0species that could potentially appear in=A0the United=20
States or its territories as a=A0result of human assistance. New=20
species=A0of nonnative birds are being reported=A0annually in the United=20=
States, and it is=A0impossible to predict which species=A0might appear =
in=20
the near future.=A0The appearance of a species on this=A0list does not=20=
preclude its addition to the=A0list of migratory birds protected by=20
the=A0MBTA (50 CFR 10.13) at some later date=A0should substantial =
evidence=20
come to=A0light confirming natural occurrence in=A0the United States or =
its=20
territories.=A0The 125 species on this list are=A0arranged by family=20
according to the=A0American Ornithologists=92 Union (1998,=A0as amended =
by=20
Banks et al. 2003).=A0Within families, species are=20
arranged=A0alphabetically by scientific name.=A0Common and scientific =
names=20
follow=A0Monroe and Sibley (1993).
Mandarin Duck
Egyptian Goose
Hottentot Teal
Philippine Duck=A0
Graylag Goose
Domestic Goose=A0
Swan Goose=A0
Bar-headed Goose=A0
Red-breasted Goose=A0
Ringed Teal
Maned Duck=A0
Coscoroba Swan
Black Swan=A0
Black-necked=A0Swan=A0
Mute Swan=A0
White-faced Whistling-Duck=A0
Orinoco Goose=A0
Rosy-billed Pochard=A0
Red-crested Pochard=A0
Cotton Pygmygoose=A0
Ruddy Shelduck=A0
Common Shelduck=A0
Great White=A0Pelican=A0
Pink-backed Pelican
=A0Red-legged Cormorant=A0
Oriental Darter
Eurasian Spoonbill
Sacred Ibis=A0
Abdim=92s Stork=A0
White Stork=A0
Woolly-necked Stork=A0
Black-necked=A0Stork
King Vulture=A0
Chilean=A0Flamingo=A0
Lesser Flamingo
Red-backed Hawk=A0
Great Black-Hawk=A0
Griffon-type Old World vulture=A0
Gray-necked Wood-Rail=A0
Black Crowned-Crane
Gray Crowned-Crane
Sarus Crane=A0
Demoiselle Crane=A0
Southern Lapwing=A0
Spur-winged Lapwing
Silver Gull=A0
Nicobar Pigeon
Emerald Dove=A0
Rock Pigeon
Common WoodPigeon=A0
Luzon Bleedingheart=A0
Diamond Dove=A0
Bar-shouldered Dove
=A0Zebra Dove=A0
Crested Pigeon=A0
Spinifex Pigeon=A0
Partridge Pigeon=A0
Wonga Pigeon=A0
Common Bronzewing=A0
Blue-headed Quail-Dove=A0
Island CollaredDove
Spotted Dove
Eurasian CollaredDove
Ringed Turtle-Dove
Spectacled Owl=A0
Black-throated Mango=A0
Black-throated MagpieJay=A0
White-necked Raven=A0
Carrion Crow=A0
Cuban Crow=A0
House Crow=A0
Azure Jay=A0
San Blas Jay=A0
Rufous Treepie=A0
Eurasian Jay=A0
Red-billed=A0Chough=A0
Blue Magpie=A0(=3DRed-billed Blue-Magpie)
Japanese Skylark=A0
Wood Lark
Calandra Lark=A0
Mongolian=A0Lark=A0
Blue Tit=A0
Great Tit
Varied Tit=A0
White-throated (=3DEurasian) Dipper=A0
Japanese Bush-Warbler
Blackcap=A0
White-rumped=A0Shama
Oriental Magpie-Robin=A0
European Robin
Japanese Robin=A0
Ryukyu Robin=A0
Common (=3DEuropean) Nightingale=A0
Indian Robin=A0
Song Thrush=A0
Dark-throated Thrush=A0
Hedge Accentor (=3DDunnock)
Red-hooded Tanager
Blue-gray Tanager=A0
Red-legged=A0Honeycreeper=A0
Yellowhammer
Yellow Cardinal
Greater Antillean=A0Bullfinch=A0
Cuban Bullfinch=A0
Yellow-billed Cardinal
Red-crested Cardinal
Red-cowled Cardinal=A0
Red-capped Cardinal=A0
Saffron Finch
Cuban Grassquit=A0
Orange-breasted Bunting=A0
Montezuma Oropendola=A0
Troupial
Spot-breasted Oriole
Red-breasted=A0Blackbird (=3DGreater Red-breasted=A0Meadowlark)=A0
Eurasian Linnet=A0
European Goldfinch=A0
European Greenfinch=A0
Red Siskin
Hooded Siskin=A0
Parrot Crossbill
Island (=3DCommon) Canary
White-rumped=A0Seedeater=A0
Yellow-fronted=A0Canary
The MBTA also does not apply to=A0many other bird species, including=20
(1)=A0nonnative species that have not been=A0introduced into the U.S. or=20=
its=A0territories, and (2) species (native or=A0nonnative) that belong =
to=20
the families=A0not referred to in any of the four treaties=A0underlying =
the=20
MBTA. The second=A0category includes the Tinamidae=A0(tinamous), =
Cracidae=20
(chachalacas),=A0Phasianidae (grouse, ptarmigan, and=A0turkeys),=20
Odontophoridae (New World=A0quail), Burhinidae =
(thick-knees),=A0Glareolidae=20
(pratincoles), Pteroclididae=A0(sandgrouse), Psittacidae=20
(parrots),=A0Todidae (todies), Dicruridae (drongos),=A0Meliphagidae=20
(honeyeaters),=A0Monarchidae (monarchs), Pycnonotidae=A0(bulbuls),=20
Sylviinae (Old World=A0warblers, except as listed in Russian=A0treaty),=20=
Muscicapidae (Old World=A0flycatchers, except as listed in=20
Russian=A0treaty), Timaliidae (wrentits),=A0Zosteropidae (white-eyes),=20=
Sturnidae=A0(starlings, except as listed in Japanese=A0treaty), =
Coerebidae=20
(bananaquits),=A0Drepanidinae (Hawaiian=A0honeycreepers), Passeridae =
(Old=20
World=A0sparrows, including house or English=A0sparrow), Ploceidae=20
(weavers), and=A0Estrildidae (estrildid finches), as well as=A0numerous=20=
other families not represented in the United States or its territories.=20=
A=A0partial list of the nonnative human introduced species included in=20=
category=A02 is available at http:// migratorybirds.fws.gov.=A0
=A0
Author John L. Trapp, U.S. Fish and Wildlife=A0Service, Division of=20
Migratory Bird=A0Management, Mail Stop 4107, 4501=A0North Fairfax Drive,=20=
Arlington, VA=A022203.
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service=A0
=A0
Final List of Bird Species to Which the Migratory Bird Treaty Act Does=20=
Not=A0Apply
=A0
SUMMARY: We are publishing a final list=A0of the nonnative bird species=20=
that have=A0been introduced by humans into the=A0United States or its=20
territories and to=A0which the Migratory Bird Treaty Act=A0(MBTA) does =
not=20
apply. This action is=A0required by the Migratory Bird Treaty=A0Reform =
Act=20
(MBTRA) of 2004. The=A0MBTRA amends the MBTA by stating=A0that it =
applies=20
only to migratory bird=A0species that are native to the United=A0States =
or=20
its territories, and that a native=A0migratory bird is one that is=20
present as=A0a result of natural biological or=A0ecological processes. =
This=20
notice=A0identifies those species that are not=A0protected by the MBTA,=20=
even though=A0they belong to biological families=A0referred to in =
treaties=20
that the MBTA=A0implements, as their presence in the=A0United States and=20=
its territories is solely=A0the result of intentional or=20
unintentional=A0human-assisted introductions.
=A0
The Final List: What Are the Bird=A0Species Not Protected by the =
MBTA?=A0We=20
made this list as comprehensive=A0as possible by including all=20
nonnative,=A0human-assisted species that belong to=A0any of the families=20=
referred to in the=A0treaties and whose occurrence(s) in the=A0United=20
States and its territories have=A0been documented in the=20
scientific=A0literature. It is not, however, an=A0exhaustive list of all=20=
the nonnative=A0species that could potentially appear in=A0the United=20
States or its territories as a=A0result of human assistance. New=20
species=A0of nonnative birds are being reported=A0annually in the United=20=
States, and it is=A0impossible to predict which species=A0might appear =
in=20
the near future.=A0The appearance of a species on this=A0list does not=20=
preclude its addition to the=A0list of migratory birds protected by=20
the=A0MBTA (50 CFR 10.13) at some later date=A0should substantial =
evidence=20
come to=A0light confirming natural occurrence in=A0the United States or =
its=20
territories.=A0The 125 species on this list are=A0arranged by family=20
according to the=A0American Ornithologists=92 Union (1998,=A0as amended =
by=20
Banks et al. 2003).=A0Within families, species are=20
arranged=A0alphabetically by scientific name.=A0Common and scientific =
names=20
follow=A0Monroe and Sibley (1993).
=A0
Mandarin Duck
Egyptian Goose
Hottentot Teal
Philippine Duck=A0
Graylag Goose
Domestic Goose=A0
Swan Goose=A0
Bar-headed Goose=A0
Red-breasted Goose=A0
Ringed Teal
Maned Duck=A0
Coscoroba Swan
Black Swan=A0
Black-necked=A0Swan=A0
Mute Swan=A0
White-faced Whistling-Duck=A0
Orinoco Goose=A0
Rosy-billed Pochard=A0
Red-crested Pochard=A0
Cotton Pygmygoose=A0
Ruddy Shelduck=A0
Common Shelduck=A0
Great White=A0Pelican=A0
Pink-backed Pelican
=A0Red-legged Cormorant=A0
Oriental Darter
Eurasian Spoonbill
Sacred Ibis=A0
Abdim=92s Stork=A0
White Stork=A0
Woolly-necked Stork=A0
Black-necked=A0Stork
King Vulture=A0
Chilean=A0Flamingo=A0
Lesser Flamingo
Red-backed Hawk=A0
Great Black-Hawk=A0
Griffon-type Old World vulture=A0
Gray-necked Wood-Rail=A0
Black Crowned-Crane
Gray Crowned-Crane
Sarus Crane=A0
Demoiselle Crane=A0
Southern Lapwing=A0
Spur-winged Lapwing
Silver Gull=A0
Nicobar Pigeon
Emerald Dove=A0
Rock Pigeon
Common WoodPigeon=A0
Luzon Bleedingheart=A0
Diamond Dove=A0
Bar-shouldered Dove
=A0Zebra Dove=A0
Crested Pigeon=A0
Spinifex Pigeon=A0
Partridge Pigeon=A0
Wonga Pigeon=A0
Common Bronzewing=A0
Blue-headed Quail-Dove=A0
Island CollaredDove
Spotted Dove
Eurasian CollaredDove
Ringed Turtle-Dove
Spectacled Owl=A0
=A0Black-throated Mango=A0
Black-throated MagpieJay=A0
White-necked Raven=A0
Carrion Crow=A0
Cuban Crow=A0
House Crow=A0
Azure Jay=A0
San Blas Jay=A0
Rufous Treepie=A0
Eurasian Jay=A0
Red-billed=A0Chough=A0
Blue Magpie=A0(=3DRed-billed Blue-Magpie)
Japanese Skylark=A0
Wood Lark
Calandra Lark=A0
Mongolian=A0Lark=A0
Blue Tit=A0
Great Tit
Varied Tit=A0
White-throated (=3DEurasian) Dipper=A0
Japanese Bush-Warbler
Blackcap=A0
White-rumped=A0Shama
Oriental Magpie-Robin=A0
European Robin
Japanese Robin=A0
Ryukyu Robin=A0
Common (=3DEuropean) Nightingale=A0
Indian Robin=A0
Song Thrush=A0
Dark-throated Thrush=A0
Hedge Accentor (=3DDunnock)
Red-hooded Tanager
Blue-gray Tanager=A0
Red-legged=A0Honeycreeper=A0
Yellowhammer
Yellow Cardinal
Greater Antillean=A0Bullfinch=A0
Cuban Bullfinch=A0
Yellow-billed Cardinal
Red-crested Cardinal
Red-cowled Cardinal=A0
Red-capped Cardinal=A0
Saffron Finch
Cuban Grassquit=A0
Orange-breasted Bunting=A0
Montezuma Oropendola=A0
Troupial
Spot-breasted Oriole
Red-breasted=A0Blackbird (=3DGreater Red-breasted=A0Meadowlark)=A0
Eurasian Linnet=A0
European Goldfinch=A0
European Greenfinch=A0
Red Siskin
Hooded Siskin=A0
Parrot Crossbill
Island (=3DCommon) Canary
White-rumped=A0Seedeater=A0
Yellow-fronted=A0Canary
The MBTA also does not apply to=A0many other bird species, including=20
(1)=A0nonnative species that have not been=A0introduced into the U.S. or=20=
its=A0territories, and (2) species (native or=A0nonnative) that belong =
to=20
the families=A0not referred to in any of the four treaties=A0underlying =
the=20
MBTA. The second=A0category includes the Tinamidae=A0(tinamous), =
Cracidae=20
(chachalacas),=A0Phasianidae (grouse, ptarmigan, and=A0turkeys),=20
Odontophoridae (New World=A0quail), Burhinidae =
(thick-knees),=A0Glareolidae=20
(pratincoles), Pteroclididae=A0(sandgrouse), Psittacidae=20
(parrots),=A0Todidae (todies), Dicruridae (drongos),=A0Meliphagidae=20
(honeyeaters),=A0Monarchidae (monarchs), Pycnonotidae=A0(bulbuls),=20
Sylviinae (Old World=A0warblers, except as listed in Russian=A0treaty),=20=
Muscicapidae (Old World=A0flycatchers, except as listed in=20
Russian=A0treaty), Timaliidae (wrentits),=A0Zosteropidae (white-eyes),=20=
Sturnidae=A0(starlings, except as listed in Japanese=A0treaty), =
Coerebidae=20
(bananaquits),=A0Drepanidinae (Hawaiian=A0honeycreepers), Passeridae =
(Old=20
World=A0sparrows, including house or English=A0sparrow), Ploceidae=20
(weavers), and=A0Estrildidae (estrildid finches), as well as=A0numerous=20=
other families not represented in the United States or its territories.=20=
A=A0partial list of the nonnative human introduced species included in=20=
category=A02 is available at http:// migratorybirds.fws.gov.=A0
Author John L. Trapp, U.S. Fish and Wildlife=A0Service, Division of=20
Migratory Bird=A0Management, Mail Stop 4107, 4501=A0North Fairfax Drive,=20=
Arlington, VA=A022203.